What Are the Components of an E-Liquid?
E-liquids consist of four regulated ingredients that define vapour output, flavour strength, and nicotine delivery.
Each ingredient performs a specific function and directly affects how an e-liquid behaves inside different devices.
VG (Vegetable Glycerine)
Vegetable glycerine is a thick, plant-derived liquid that produces vapour volume and smooth inhalation.
VG generates dense clouds with reduced throat sensation, making high-VG e-liquids suitable for sub-ohm vape kits
and direct-to-lung devices operating at higher wattages.
PG (Propylene Glycol)
Propylene glycol is a thin, flavour-carrying liquid that delivers throat hit. PG flows easily through small coils,
supports efficient wicking, and works best in pod systems and mouth-to-lung vape kits designed for lower power
output and tighter airflow.
Nicotine
Nicotine is an optional stimulant ingredient added to e-liquid for controlled intake. UK regulations limit nicotine
strength to 20mg per millilitre, and nicotine formulation determines absorption speed, smoothness, and suitability
for pod systems or higher-power vape kits.
Flavourings
Flavourings are food-grade concentrates used to define e-liquid taste profiles. Manufacturers use these flavourings
to create fruit, menthol, dessert, candy, and tobacco blends that remain stable during vaporisation and perform
consistently across refillable vape devices.